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Review of 50th Anniversary Exhibits at Chicago Museum of Contemporary Art

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Art museum in Chicago, Illinois

Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago
MCA Chicago 060930.jpg

Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago is located in Near North Side, Chicago

Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago

Location in Chicago's Near North Side community area
Established 1967
(current location since 1996)
Location 220 Due east Chicago Avenue,
Chicago, Illinois 60611-2643
United states
Coordinates 41°53′fifty″N 87°37′16″W  /  41.8972°N 87.6212°W  / 41.8972; -87.6212
Director Madeleine Grynsztejn
Website mcachicago.org

The Museum of Contemporary Art (MCA) Chicago is a contemporary art museum virtually Water Belfry Place in downtown Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The museum, which was established in 1967, is 1 of the world'south largest gimmicky fine art venues. The museum'southward collection is composed of thousands of objects of Post-World War 2 visual art. The museum is run gallery-style, with individually curated exhibitions throughout the year. Each exhibition may exist equanimous of temporary loans, pieces from their permanent collection, or a combination of the 2.[one]

The museum has hosted several notable debut exhibitions including Frida Kahlo's first U.South. exhibition and Jeff Koons' first solo museum exhibition. Koons later on presented an showroom at the Museum that broke the museum's omnipresence record. The current record for the most attended exhibition is the 2017 exhibition of Takashi Murakami work. The museums collection, which includes Jasper Johns, Andy Warhol, Cindy Sherman, Kara Walker, and Alexander Calder, contains historical samples of 1940s–1970s late surrealism, pop art, minimalism, and conceptual art; notable holdings 1980s postmodernism; also every bit contemporary painting, sculpture, photography, video, installation, and related media. It as well presents dance, theater, music, and multidisciplinary arts.

The current location at 220 East Chicago Artery is in the Streeterville neighborhood of the Near North Side community expanse.[2] Josef Paul Kleihues designed the current edifice after the museum conducted a 12-calendar month search, reviewing more than 200 nominations.[3] The museum was originally located at 237 East Ontario Street, which was originally designed as a bakery. The current edifice is known for its signature staircase leading to an elevated basis flooring, which has an atrium, the full glass-walled east and west façades giving a direct view of the city and Lake Michigan.

History [edit]

The Museum of Contemporary Fine art (MCA) Chicago was created as the result of a 1964 meeting of 30 critics, collectors and dealers at the habitation of critic Doris Lane Butler to bring the long-discussed idea of a museum of contemporary art to complement the city's Art Institute of Chicago, according to a grand opening story in Fourth dimension.[4] It opened in fall 1967 in a modest space at 237 E Ontario Street that had for a time served every bit the corporate offices of Playboy Enterprises.[v] Its commencement manager was Jan van der Marck.[six] In 1970 he invited Wolf Vostell to make the Physical Traffic sculpture in Chicago.[7]

Initially, the museum was conceived primarily as a infinite for temporary exhibitions, in the German kunsthalle model. However, in 1974, the museum began acquiring a permanent drove of contemporary art objects created after 1945.[8] The MCA expanded into adjacent buildings to increment gallery infinite; and in 1977, post-obit a fundraising drive for its tenth anniversary, a three-story neighboring townhouse was purchased, renovated, and continued to the museum.[5] In 1978, Gordon Matta-Clark executed his final major project in the townhouse. In his piece of work Circus Or The Caribbean Orange (1978), Matta-Clark fabricated circle cuts in the walls and floors of the townhouse side by side-door to the get-go museum.[9] [x]

Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago.

In 1991, the museum'south Board of Trustees contributed $37 meg ($73.6 million today) of the expected $55 million ($109.4 meg) construction costs for Chicago'due south first new museum building in 65 years.[xi] Six of the board members were central to the fundraising as major donors: Jerome Rock (chairman emeritus of Stone Container Corporation), Beatrice C. Mayer (daughter of Sara Lee Corporation founder Nathan Cummings) and family unit, Mrs. Edwin Lindy Bergman, the Neison Harris (president of Pittway Corporation) and Irving Harris families, and Thomas and Frances Dittmer (bolt).[12] [13] The Board of Trustees then weighed architectural proposals from 6 finalists: Emilio Ambasz of New York; Tadao Ando of Osaka, Japan; Josef Paul Kleihues of Berlin; Fumihiko Maki of Tokyo; Morphosis of Santa Monica, Calif.; and Christian de Portzamparc of Paris.[12] Co-ordinate to Chicago Tribune Pulitzer Prize-winning architecture critic Blair Kamin, the list of contenders was controversial because no Chicago-based architects were included as finalists despite the fact that prominent Chicago architects such equally Helmut Jahn and Stanley Tigerman were amid the 23 semi-finalists. In fact, none of the finalists had made any prior structures in Chicago. The option process, which started with 209 contenders, was based on professional qualifications, recent projects, and the ability to work closely with the staff of the aspiring museum.[fourteen]

from right (1919)

from left (1919)

In 1996, the MCA opened its current museum at 220 Eastward Chicago Avenue, which was the site of a sometime National Guard Armory betwixt Lake Michigan and Michigan Avenue from 1907 until information technology was demolished in 1993 to make way for the MCA.[xv] The four-story 220,000-square-foot (20,000 mii) edifice designed past Josef Paul Kleihues,[16] which was v times larger than its predecessor,[17] made the Museum of Gimmicky Art (MCA) Chicago the largest establishment devoted to gimmicky art in the world.[18] The physical structure is said to reference the modernism of Mies van der Rohe as well as the tradition of Chicago architecture.[8] The museum opened at its new location June 21–22, 1996, with a 24-hour upshot that drew more than than 25,000 visitors.[9] For its 50th anniversary in 2017, the museum unveiled a $16 million renovation by architects Johnston Marklee, which redesigned 12,000 foursquare feet within the existing footprint of the original Joseph Paul Kleihues design.[19]

Operation [edit]

The museum operates as a tax-exempt non-profit organization, and its exhibitions, programming, and operations are member-supported and privately funded.[20] The lath of trustees is equanimous of vi officers, 16 life trustees, and more than than 46 trustees. The current board chair is Michael O'Grady.[21] The museum likewise has a managing director, who oversees the MCA's staff of about 100. Madeleine Grynsztejn replaced 10-year director Robert Fitzpatrick during the 2008 financial year in this chapters, and she is the MCA's first female director.[22]

The museum operates with three programming departments: Curatorial, Performance, and Learning and Public Programs. The curatorial staff consists of James Westward. Alsdorf Main Curator Michael Darling, Senior Curator Naomi Beckwith, Adjunct Curator Lynne Warren, Associate Curator of Performance Tara Aisha Willis, and Banana Curator Grace Deveney.[23] In 2009, the museum reported $17.5 million in both operating income, 50% of which came from contributions, and operating expenses.[24] Contributions were received from individuals, corporations, foundations, government entities, and fundraising.[25] In 2016, the museum reported $23 million in both operating income and operating expenses. 60.3% came from contributions.[26]

The museum is airtight Mondays and is open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. on Wednesdays, Thursdays, Saturdays, and Sundays, with extended hours of performance on Tuesdays and Fridays until 9 p.m. While the museum has no mandatory admission charge, suggested admission is $15 for adults and $8 for students, teachers and seniors. Admission is free for MCA members, members of the military and all youth 18 and nether. It currently provides free access to Illinois residents every Tuesday.[27] During the summers, the museum provides free outdoor Tuesday Jazz concerts.[28] In addition to art exhibits, the museum offers trip the light fantastic toe, theater, music, and multidisciplinary arts. The programming includes primary projects and festivals of a wide spectrum of artists presented in functioning, discussion, and workshop formats.[29]

Exhibitions [edit]

Past [edit]

In its showtime yr of operation, the museum hosted the exhibitions, Pictures To Exist Read/Poetry To Be Seen, Claes Oldenburg: Projects for Monuments, and Dan Flavin: Pink and Gold, which was the creative person's showtime solo show.[9] In 1969, the museum served as the site of Christo'south first edifice wrap in the United states of america. It was wrapped in more than than 8,000 square feet (700 g²) of tarpaulin and rope.[30] The post-obit year it hosted one-person shows for Roy Lichtenstein, Robert Rauschenberg, and Andy Warhol.

The MCA has also played host to the offset American and solo exhibitions of prominent artists such as Frida Kahlo[8] in 1978.[31] Other exhibition highlights include the first solo museum shows of Dan Flavin,[32] [33] in 1967,[31] and Jeff Koons,[34] in 1988.[31] In 1989, the MCA hosted Robert Mapplethorpe, The Perfect Moment, a traveling exhibition organized by the Establish of Contemporary Art in Philadelphia.[5] Boosted highlights of exhibitions organized or co-organized past the MCA include:

  • Enrico Baj (1971)
  • Chuck Close (1972)
  • Lee Bontecou (1972)
  • Richard Artschwager (1973)
  • Thomas Kovachevich (1973)
  • Robert Irwin (1975)
  • Vito Acconci (1980)
  • Magdalena Abakanowicz (1982)
  • Lorna Simpson (1992)
  • Beverly Semmes (1995)
  • Mona Hatoum (1997)
  • Tom Friedman (2000)
  • John Currin (2003)
  • Rudolf Stingel (2007)

Recent [edit]

In 2006, the MCA was the only American museum to host Bruce Mau's Massive Modify exhibit, which concerned the social, economical, and political effects of design. Additional 2006 exhibitions featured photographers Catherine Opie and Wolfgang Tillmans every bit well as Chicago-based cartoonist Chris Ware. The 2008 Koons retrospective broke the omnipresence record with 86,584 visitors for the May 31 – prove of September 21, 2008.[35] [36] This was the culminating exhibit of the 2008 fiscal twelvemonth,[37] which historic the 40th anniversary of the museum.[38]

In 2009, the MCA presented Jeremy Deller'due south exhibition It Is What It Is: Conversations Near Iraq. The exhibition was organized by the New Museum, and it was a new commission past the New Museum, New York; the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago; and the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles.[39]

Co-organized by the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and the Wexner Center for the Arts, the MCA presented Luc Tuymans from Oct 2010 – Jan 2011.[forty] Susan Philipsz: We Shall Be All was presented at the MCA Feb – June 2011. The Turner Prize-winning artist's sound exhibition featured protestation songs and drew from Chicago's labor history.[41] The exhibition Eiko & Koma: Time is Not Even, Space is Not Empty is the starting time series of stage performances and a gallery exhibition presented at the MCA. The Japanese-born choreographers and trip the light fantastic toe artists perform and showroom at the MCA June – November 2011.[42]

In 2014, the MCA was the but US venue to mount the David Bowie Is... exhibition, which broke previous attendance records for the museum.[43] To date, the most attended exhibition is the 2017 Takashi Murakami: The Octopus Eats Its Own Leg exhibit, which broke the David Bowie Is... record set in 2014 with over 193,000 attendees.[44]

Following David Bowie Is..., the MCA debuted the critically acclaimed exhibition Kerry James Marshall: Mastry in 2016. Mastry later traveled to the Metropolitan Museum of Fine art, New York, and the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Fine art.[45] In 2017, the MCA curated a testify past the Japanese artist Takashi Murakami which set attendance records, and in 2019 the museum launched a mid-career retrospective for the work of the American designer Virgil Abloh, a quondam collaborator of Murakami'due south.[46]

In 2020, the MCA opened "Duro Olowu:Seeing Chicago", a curated exhibition by Duro Olowu of over 350 artworks from Chicago which marked the kickoff fourth dimension the museum had hired a guest art curator.[47]

Recurring programs [edit]

After a 10-year run, the exhibition series UBS 12x12: New Artists/New Work is moving from the second floor to the third flooring, into a larger gallery infinite and volition change its proper noun to "Chicago Works." The exhibition series will still feature Chicago-area artists. Rather than each creative person being displayed for 1 month, each exhibition in the series will now be displayed for iii months.[48]

Starting in 2002, the MCA began commissioning artists and architects to pattern and construct public art for the front end plaza. The goal of the plan is to link the museum to its neighboring community by extending its programmatic, educational, and outreach functions.[49] While artists take been exhibited intermittently on the MCA plaza since 2002, the summer 2011 plaza exhibit showcasing four works by Miami-based sculptor Mark Handforth marks a revitalization of the plaza project.[fifty]

From Oct through May, the MCA hosts monthly Family Days, which feature artistic activities for all ages.[51] Each summertime, the museum hosts Tuesdays on the Terrace, a jazz performance series, and a Farmers Market on the MCA plaza on Tuesdays from June through October.[52] Year circular, the MCA offers a Tuesday evening series, In Progress, that explores the artistic process, in addition to a Fri evening serial led past local artists in the museum'south public engagement infinite, the Commons.[53]

Performance [edit]

The MCA Stage has featured local, national, and international theater, dance, music, multimedia, and film performances. Information technology is known as the "almost active interdisciplinary arts presenter in Chicago" and partners with local community organizations for the co-presentations of performing arts.[54]

Notable MCA Stage appearances include performances by Mikhail Baryshnikov, eighth blackbird, Peter Brook, Marie Chouinard, Merce Cunningham, Philip Glass, Martha Graham, Akram Khan, Taylor Mac, and Twyla Tharp.[55]

New construction [edit]

The new 5-storey limestone and cast-aluminum structure was designed by Berlin builder Josef Paul Kleihues. The building, which opened in 1996, contains 45,000 square anxiety (four,200 1000two) of gallery infinite (seven times the space of the quondam museum), a theater, studio-classrooms, an instruction eye, a museum store, a eating place-café, and a sculpture garden.[8] [56] The MCA building was Kleihues's first American structure. Its construction cost U.s.$46.5 million ($80.three million today).[57] The sculpture garden, which is 34,000 foursquare feet (iii,200 m2),[16] includes a sculptural installation past Sol LeWitt and sculptures by George Rickey and Jane Highstein. The flooring plan of both the building and the sculpture garden is a foursquare, on which the proportions of the building is based.[58]

The edifice'southward master entrance, which is accessed by scaling 32 steps, uses both symmetry and transparency equally themes for its large primal drinking glass walls that compose the majority of both the east and west façades of the building. Two boosted entrances—into the didactics eye and into the museum shop—are located on either side of the main staircase. The monumental staircase with projecting trophy and plinths that may be used as the base for sculpture is reminiscent of the propyleia of the Acropolis in Athens.[58] The main level entry hall has an side by side 55-human foot (sixteen.8 m) atrium that connects it to a restaurant in the rear of the building. Two galleries for temporary exhibitions flank the atrium. The stairwell in the northwest corner is ofttimes cited as the buildings virtually interesting and dynamic artistic characteristic. The elevated views of Lake Michigan are considered to be a rewarding feature of the edifice.[xxx] The edifice's 56-human foot (17.1 grand) glass facade sits atop xvi feet (4.nine m) of Indiana limestone.[59] The building is known for its hand-bandage aluminum panels adjoined to the facade with stainless steel buttons.[30] [59] The building has two ii-story gallery spaces and a smaller ane-story gallery space on the second flooring. The tertiary floor has a gallery and exhibition infinite in its northwest section, and the fourth floor has two large galleries, an exhibition space on the w side of the edifice, and a gallery in the southwest department.[30] [59]

The museum has a 296-seat multi-apply theater with a proscenium-layout stage. The seats are laid out in 14 rows with two side aisles. The stage is 52 by 34 feet (16 m × x one thousand) and elevated 36 inches (0.91 m) above the floor level of the first row of seats. The house has a 12 degree incline. The phase has three curtains and four catwalks.[threescore] For its 50th ceremony in 2017, the museum unveiled a $16 million renovation by architects Johnston Marklee, which redesigned 12,000 square feet (1,100 10002) within the existing footprint of the original Joseph Paul Kleihues design.[61]

In 2017, the MCA commissioned architects Johnston Marklee to redesign select public spaces of the museum to create three major new offerings: Marisol, the basis-floor destination restaurant with an immersive art environment by international creative person Chris Ofili; a social date space called the Commons on the 2nd floor with an installation by Pedro y Juana; and a new third flooring with classrooms and a flexible meeting space that puts learning at the very heart of the museum. This major $sixteen-million renovation converted 12,000 square anxiety (1,100 mii) of interior space and coincided with the MCA'southward 50th ceremony.[62]

Disquisitional review [edit]

Complaining that the structure has a more fortress-like exterior than the Museum's earlier home, Kamin viewed the architectural attempt as a fumbled work. Notwithstanding, he considered the interior to be serene and contemplative in a manner that complements the contemporary art and compact and organized in a manner that is an improvement on the more traditional mazelike museums.[30] Comparing the edifice to the Sullivan Center and the Art Constitute of Chicago Building, Kamin describes the museum as an homage to two of Chicago's architectural influences: Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Louis Sullivan.[xxx] Other critics too note the presence of Mies van der Rohe's spirit in the compages.[63]

Chicago-based builder Douglas Garofalo has described the edifice equally stark, intimidating and "incongruous with gimmicky sensibilities".[49] The interior atrium, which the architect claims links the city to the lake is office of a transcendent space that benefits from the sunlight that enters through the high glass walls. The building is said to be designed to dissever the fine art from other distracting services and functions of the venue.[63] Kamin was likewise pleased with the separate entrances on the master floor for the museum store and accessibility entrances.[30]

New Vision [edit]

Announced by the Chicago Tribune in June 2011, the MCA is in the process of reinventing its identity with new curators, a new floor plan, and a new vision. MCA Director Madeleine Grynsztejn says the museum seeks to be fifty/50 artist-activated/audience-engaged. The chief floor's due north and s galleries will present exhibitions showcasing the museum'south permanent collection and work past post-emerging contemporary artists. The third floor will be for the "Chicago Works" series. The fourth floor will accept gallery spaces for the MCA Screen and MCA Dna series, while the main butt-vaulted galleries volition be for special exhibitions.[64]

Collection [edit]

The museum's collection consists of about 2,700 objects, as well every bit more than than 3,000 artist's books. The drove includes works of art from 1945 to the present.[65]

Former MCA Principal Curator Elizabeth Smith provided a narrative of the museum'due south collection.[66] She says the collection has examples of late surrealism, pop fine art, minimalism, and conceptual art from the 1940s through the 1970s; work from the 1980s that can be grouped nether postmodernism; and painting, sculpture, photography, video, installation, and related media current artists explore.[67]

Notable Works [edit]

  • Study for a Portrait, 1949, by Francis Bacon
  • Les merveilles de la nature (The Wonders of Nature), 1953, René Magritte[68]
  • Polychrome and Horizontal Bluebird, 1954, by Alexander Calder
  • In Memory of My Feelings - Frank O'Hara, 1961, past Jasper Johns
  • Retroactive II, 1963, by Robert Rauschenberg
  • Jackie Frieze, 1964, by Andy Warhol[69]
  • Untitled, 1970, Donald Judd
  • Untitled Moving-picture show Still, #14, 1978, by Cindy Sherman[70]
  • Rabbit, 1986, past Jeff Koons[71]
  • Cindy, 1988, past Chuck Close[72]
  • Presenting Negro Scenes Fatigued Upon My Passage through the Southward and Reconfigured for the Do good of Enlightened Audiences Wherever Such May Be Found, Past Myself, Missus K.Eastward.B. Walker, Colored, 1997, by Kara Walker[73] [74]

During the 2008 fiscal year the MCA celebrated its 40th anniversary, which inspired gifts of works by artists such every bit Dan Flavin, Alfredo Jaar, and Thomas Ruff. Additionally, the museum expanded its drove by acquiring the piece of work of some of the artists it presented during its anniversary celebration such as Carlos Amorales, Tony Oursler, and Adam Pendleton.[38]

Run across too [edit]

  • Chicago architecture
  • Visual arts of Chicago
  • List of museums and cultural institutions in Chicago
  • List of contemporary fine art museums
  • MCA Stage

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  70. ^ "Sherman, Cindy". Museum of Contemporary Art. Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
  71. ^ "Koons, Jeff". Museum of Gimmicky Art. Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
  72. ^ "Close, Chuck". Museum of Contemporary Fine art. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved February 5, 2007.
  73. ^ "Walker, Kara". Museum of Contemporary Fine art. Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
  74. ^ Smith, Elizabeth. Life Decease Love Hate Pleasure Pain: Selected works from the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago. Museum of Gimmicky Art, Chicago: 2003.

External links [edit]

  • Official website

Coordinates: 41°53′50″Due north 87°37′16″W  /  41.8972°Due north 87.6212°W  / 41.8972; -87.6212

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art,_Chicago

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